Keluaran 23:28

23:28 I will send ¹  hornets before you that will drive out the Hivite, the Canaanite, and the Hittite before you.

Keluaran 24:5

24:5 He sent young Israelite men, ²  and they offered burnt offerings and sacrificed young bulls for peace offerings ³  to the Lord.

Keluaran 25:10

The Ark of the Covenant

25:10 ⁴ “They are to make an ark ⁵  of acacia wood – its length is to be three feet nine inches, its width two feet three inches, and its height two feet three inches. ⁶ 

Keluaran 25:23

The Table for the Bread of the Presence

25:23 ⁷ “You are to make a table of acacia wood; its length is to be three feet, its width one foot six inches, and its height two feet three inches.

Keluaran 28:14

28:14 and two braided chains of pure gold, like a cord, and attach the chains to the settings.

Keluaran 28:36

28:36 “You are to make a plate ⁸  of pure gold and engrave on it the way a seal is engraved: ⁹  “Holiness to the Lord.” ¹⁰ 

Keluaran 37:6

37:6 He made ¹¹  an atonement lid of pure gold; its length was three feet nine inches, and its width was two feet three inches.

[23:28]  ¹ tn Heb “and I will send.”

[24:5]  ² tn The construct has “young men of the Israelites,” and so “Israelite” is a genitive that describes them.

[24:5]  ³ tn The verbs and their respective accusatives are cognates. First, they offered up burnt offerings (see Lev 1), which is וַיַּעֲלוּ עֹלֹת (vayya’alu ’olot); then they sacrificed young bulls as peace sacrifices (Lev 3), which is in Hebrew וַיִּזְבְּחוּ זְבָחִים (vayyizbÿkhu zÿvakhim). In the first case the cognate accusative is the direct object; in the second it is an adverbial accusative of product. See on this covenant ritual H. M. Kamsler, “The Blood Covenant in the Bible,” Dor le Dor 6 (1977): 94-98; E. W. Nicholson, “The Covenant Ritual in Exodus 24:3-8,” VT 32 (1982): 74-86.

[25:10]  ⁴ sn This section begins with the ark, the most sacred and important object of Israel’s worship. Verses 10-15 provide the instructions for it, v. 16 has the placement of the Law in it, vv. 17-21 cover the mercy lid, and v. 22 the meeting above it. The point of this item in the tabernacle is to underscore the focus: the covenant people must always have God’s holy standard before them as they draw near to worship. A study of this would focus on God’s nature (he is a God of order, precision, and perfection), on the usefulness of this item for worship, and on the typology intended.

[25:10]  ⁵ tn The word “ark” has long been used by English translations to render אָרוֹן (’aron), the word used for the wooden “box,” or “chest,” made by Noah in which to escape the flood and by the Israelites to furnish the tabernacle.

[25:10]  ⁶ tn The size is two and a half cubits long, a cubit and a half wide, and a cubit and a half high. The size in feet and inches is estimated on the assumption that the cubit is 18 inches (see S. R. Driver, Exodus, 267).

[25:23]  ⁷ sn The Table of the Bread of the Presence (Tyndale’s translation, “Shewbread,” was used in KJV and influenced ASV, NAB) was to be a standing acknowledgment that Yahweh was the giver of daily bread. It was called the “presence-bread” because it was set out in his presence. The theology of this is that God provides, and the practice of this is that the people must provide for constant thanks. So if the ark speaks of communion through atonement, the table speaks of dedicatory gratitude.

[28:36]  ⁸ tn The word צִּיץ (tsits) seems to mean “a shining thing” and so here a plate of metal. It originally meant “flower,” but they could not write on a flower. So it must have the sense of something worn openly, visible, and shining. The Rabbinic tradition says it was two fingers wide and stretched from ear to ear, but this is an attempt to give details that the Law does not give (see B. Jacob, Exodus, 818).

[28:36]  ⁹ tn Heb “the engravings of a seal”; this phrase is an adverbial accusative of manner.

[28:36]  ¹⁰ sn The engraving was a perpetual reminder of the holiness that was due the Lord (Heb “Yahweh”), that all the clothing, the furnishings, and the activities were to come under that description. This corresponded to the symbolism for the whole nation of binding the law between the eyes. It was to be a perpetual reminder of commitment.

[37:6]  ¹¹ tn Heb “and he made.”